{"id":7628,"date":"2023-02-23T08:38:13","date_gmt":"2023-02-23T08:38:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.3sqair.com\/portfolio-item\/childrens-exposure-to-sized-fractioned-particulate-matter-and-black-carbon\/"},"modified":"2023-06-15T09:02:56","modified_gmt":"2023-06-15T09:02:56","slug":"childrens-exposure-to-sized-fractioned-particulate-matter-and-black-carbon","status":"publish","type":"portfolio","link":"https:\/\/www.3sqair.com\/fr\/portfolio-item\/childrens-exposure-to-sized-fractioned-particulate-matter-and-black-carbon\/","title":{"rendered":"Children’s exposure to sized fractioned particulate matter and black carbon"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Children’s exposure to sized-fractioned particulate matter and black carbon in an urban environment<\/span><\/h2>

Description<\/span><\/h3>[vc_column_text]Fine air particulate matter (PM2.5) is currently one of the major environmental issues influencing people’s health. The first step for assessing the health effects of inhaled PM2.5 is based on the evaluation of the human exposure levels. The main objective of this study is to quantify children’s daily exposure to sized-fractioned PM2.5 and Black Carbon (BC) in an urban environment. Children from Lisbon metropolitan area carried portable monitoring equipment during three days and recorded the time spent in their activities and respective microenvironments (MEs). The average exposure to PM2.5 (19\u202f\u03bcg\/m3) was higher than that registered by the nearest fixed urban background station (11\u202f\u03bcg\/m3), evidencing the importance of assessing the personal daily exposure. The average exposure to PM1, PM0.5 and PM0.25 was 14\u202f\u03bcg\/m3, 11\u202f\u03bcg\/m3, and 7.7\u202f\u03bcg\/m3, respectively. Time-activity pattern records showed that children spent more than 80% of their time indoors, especially at home (55%) and in the classroom (22%), where they received 44% of the daily BC dose. Although commuting only accounted for 5.0% of the daily time, children inhaled 23% of their daily BC dose when travelling in rush hours to school. Time series analysis of the BC concentrations showed an average of 1.3\u202f\u03bcg\/m3, with high peak levels in underground parking lots (63\u202f\u03bcg\/m3), during charcoal grills (53\u202f\u03bcg\/m3), and when candles were burning (6.6\u202f\u03bcg\/m3). This work highlights the importance of urban planning to reduce children’s exposure to traffic emissions, combined with awareness-raising actions for citizens concerning the impact of indoor sources.[\/vc_column_text]
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Summary:<\/span><\/span><\/h3>
<\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row rc_bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbcolor\u00a0\u00bb rc_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bbrgba(222,233,247,0.48)\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3″][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″][vc_tta_accordion active_section=\u00a0\u00bb0″ collapsible_all=\u00a0\u00bbtrue\u00a0\u00bb][vc_tta_section title=\u00a0\u00bb1.INTRODUCTION\u00a0\u00bb tab_id=\u00a0\u00bb1674724336889-2d4480ac-54b1″][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=\u00a0\u00bb2. MATERIALS AND METHODS\u00a0\u00bb tab_id=\u00a0\u00bb1677141102168-b184579b-8332″][vc_column_text]2.1. Study design
\n2.2. Measurements and sampling equipment
\n2.2.1. PM2.5 size distribution
\n2.2.2. Black carbon measurements
\n2.2.3. Time-activity diary
\n2.3. Data analysis
\n2.4. Statistical analysis[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=\u00a0\u00bb3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION\u00a0\u00bb tab_id=\u00a0\u00bb1677141101777-3fc6ef87-cf4a\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]3.1. Daily time \u2013 activity patterns
\n3.2. Mass size distribution pattern of PM2.5
\n3.3. BC concentrations
\n3.4. BC exposure and respective inhaled doses[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=\u00a0\u00bb4. CONCLUSIONS\u00a0\u00bb tab_id=\u00a0\u00bb1677141101332-66b8960c-02f7″][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_accordion][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row rc_bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbcolor\u00a0\u00bb rc_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bbrgba(222,233,247,0.48)\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column]
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Characteristics:<\/span><\/span><\/h3>
<\/div>[vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″ rc_bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbcolor\u00a0\u00bb rc_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bbrgba(224,234,249,0.36)\u00a0\u00bb grve_css=\u00a0\u00bb{\u00ab\u00a0desktop\u00ab\u00a0:{\u00ab\u00a0padding-top\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-right\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-bottom\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-left\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0class\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a0grve-wpb-1674472044165\u00ab\u00a0}}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]Date: May 2019[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″ rc_bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbcolor\u00a0\u00bb grve_css=\u00a0\u00bb{\u00ab\u00a0desktop\u00ab\u00a0:{\u00ab\u00a0padding-top\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-right\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-bottom\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-left\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0class\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a0grve-wpb-1674472055005\u00ab\u00a0}}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]Author\u00a0: I. Cunha-Lopes, V. Martins, T. Faria, C. Correia, S.M. Almeida[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″ rc_bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbcolor\u00a0\u00bb grve_css=\u00a0\u00bb{\u00ab\u00a0desktop\u00ab\u00a0:{\u00ab\u00a0padding-top\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-right\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-bottom\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-left\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0class\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a0grve-wpb-1674554391032\u00ab\u00a0}}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]Geographical area: Portugal, Lisbon[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″ rc_bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbcolor\u00a0\u00bb grve_css=\u00a0\u00bb{\u00ab\u00a0desktop\u00ab\u00a0:{\u00ab\u00a0padding-top\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-right\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-bottom\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-left\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0class\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a0grve-wpb-1674554417882\u00ab\u00a0}}\u00a0\u00bb rc_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bbrgba(224,234,249,0.36)\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]Type of publication : Article[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3″ rc_bg_type=\u00a0\u00bbcolor\u00a0\u00bb grve_css=\u00a0\u00bb{\u00ab\u00a0desktop\u00ab\u00a0:{\u00ab\u00a0padding-top\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-right\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-bottom\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0padding-left\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a02%\u00ab\u00a0,\u00ab\u00a0class\u00ab\u00a0:\u00ab\u00a0grve-wpb-1674554427012\u00ab\u00a0}}\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]Language : EN[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner]
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Copyright:<\/span><\/span><\/h3>
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<\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Children’s exposure to sized fractioned particulate matter and black carbon<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6535,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"portfolio_category":[46],"portfolio_field":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nChildren's exposure to sized fractioned particulate matter and black carbon - 3SqAIR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.3sqair.com\/fr\/portfolio-item\/childrens-exposure-to-sized-fractioned-particulate-matter-and-black-carbon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Children's exposure to sized fractioned particulate matter and black carbon - 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